Turkey keeping

Turkey-keeping is important source of increase of production of high-quality poultry meat. The work experience of long standing shows that breeding of turkeys of industrial production is effective field. During intensive breeding of young animals, frequent supplying of parents flock it is possible to get up to 200 eggs and more than 600 kg of meat from one middle-year turkey during fatten of posterity.

One of the profitable directions of business is breeding and realization rising young animals of turkeys. The analysis shows that more effective is realization of young animals in the age of 3-6 weeks. Acceptable combination of low consumption of forage, though expensive, and high price of sale one head of turkey this period is highly-profitable direction. The level of profitability is up to 50-70% and adjoining economies up to 100%.

Economical objects having productive areas can be engaged in fatten of turkey chicks on meat.

Main articles of expenditures during the fatten of young animals of turkeys on meat are cost of daily young animals and cost of forage: their specific weight in the general structure of expenditures mounts to 80%. During usage of poultry of selection FSUE PBP "NCRPBPS" of the Russian Agricultural Academy" acceptable term of fatten of females is thought the age 154 days (or 20-22 weeks); males - 184 days (26 weeks). Living weight during fatten will be, accordingly, 5,8 kg and 11,4 kg. During these terms of fatten such economically-useful features of poultry as middle-day increase of living weight of 1 head of turkey and expenditures of forage on 1 kg of increase are in the acceptable correlation, high increase of living weight and low expenditures of forage on 1 kg of increase of living weight are mentioned. During these terms of slaughter the carcass of turkeys reach the goods form. During further terms of fatten the expenditures of forage on the unit of product rocket. If there are cheap forage the term of fatten can be increased.

Besides, turkey-females of cross "Universal" can be fatten in the poultry-houses with cage equipment and this reduces the increase of living weight costs.

To determine the acceptable expenditures can report the following main expenditures (in natural and value expression) during fatten of poultry. (See table 1)

For economical subjects not having enough production buildings we recommend to be engaged in production of daily young animals during spring-summer months (March-July). This is profitable business direction. Initial data to calculate the efficiency of production of daily turkey chicks. (See table 2)

The cost price of daily young growth is advanced, first of all, by cost of incubatory eggs, cost of transportation on their delivery and results инкубации: specific weight of expenses for raw materials (incubatory) in the general composition of costs reaches eggs of 85-90%. The cost price of daily allowances индюшат is advanced also by light bills, the wage of attendants, cost ветпрепаратов, amortisation of the used equipment and other costs.

RISING OF YOUNG ANIMALS OF TURKEYS

At the age of 1-4 weeks poultry is held on the floor or cage battery and then floor using walking grounds. Litter material: wooden chip, husk of sunflower, straw. Females are fatten on meat 20 weeks, males - up to 26 weeks. Temperature regime: 1 week of life 35-32°C; 2 week - 32-29°C; 3 week - 29-27°C; from 4 to 6 weeks temperature lows gradually up to 20°C; from 7 and to the end of fatten from 14-16°C.

Density of putting of turkey chicks of middle and heavy crosses during rising up to 17 weeks - 4 gol/m2, light - 5 gol/ m2. The front of fatten for индюшат of middle and heavy crosses 4 sm/gol., light - 3 sm/gol., the front of drinking for all crosses 2 sm/gol.

Bunker troughs and troughs are put at the level of poultry's back and are brought them up while turkey chicks growth. This allows to reduce the field of forage and spilling water from the troughs.

Progressive method is rising of turkey chicks from daily age to slaughter in the cage batteries. The efficiency of this technology is proved by many experiments. During cage rising work conditions of staff are become easy, microclimate in the poultry-house is become better, expenditures of forage on 1 kg of increase are reduced, living weight is increased, safety of young animals is increased and buildings are used more rationally.

Young animals of light and middle crosses are recommended to rise in the cages.

As a rule, turkey chicks are risen with one removing in 8-weeks age. Up to 8-weeks age they are risen just the same way as in combined system. After 8 weeks young animals are removed into cage battery used for keeping adult poultry or into the building for floor holding.

Density of putting during rising of индюшат in the cages: for middle cross 800 sim/gol., and light - 700 sim/gol. of cage floor area.

In the South regions of the country turkey chicks can be risen successfully in colonial houses or even under the roofings. Up to 8 weeks they are risen into the cage battery and then they are removed into the summer maintenance. Such technology allows to increase essentially the quantity of produced goods and to reduce its cost price.

Cellular battery KBI-1.00.000 for cultivation of turkey poults under 8 weeks

Cellular battery KBI-1 is intended for cultivation of turkeys under 8 weeks. In the battery the basic technological processes on cultivation of a bird are mechanized and automated: feeding, watering, dung removal.

The cellular battery represents a metal skeleton divided into squares. Drives for feeding and dung removal are located at forward and back racks established at skeleton end faces. Each circle is supplied by a dung removal tape.

The battery is equipped by a hinged bunker cattlefeeder. The cattlefeeder design allows to make selective forage delivery in feeding troughs of any circle. A forage dose regulation occurs simultaneously on all circles thanks to changeable backlashes between a feeding trough and the bunker that provides almost any standard feeding of a bird. general view of the battery A single dose of delivery of forage makes 50-2000/running meter.

There is a nipple watering system with drip-saver pan.
The battery design allows to feed and water birds from first days without use of vacuum drinking bowls and pallets.

Battery KBI-1 will find effective application in economy in a combination to floor cultivation of turkeys.

One starting complete set with cellular batteries will provide settling of 6 hen houses with floor technology of cultivation of turkeys, increase in manufacture of meat at the existing areas to 30%, reduction of terms of cultivation till 22 weeks and considerable reduction of expenses on thermal resources.

Cellular battery KBI-2.00.000 for cultivation of turkey poults from 9 till 20 weeks

Cellular battery KBI-2 is intended for separate cultivation of females and males of turkeys till 20 weeks. The basic technological processes on cultivation of a bird in the battery are mechanized and automated: feeding, watering, dung removal.

The cellular battery represents a metal skeleton divided into squares. Drives for feeding and dung removal are located at forward and back racks, established at skeleton end faces. Each circle is supplied by a dung removal tape.

The battery is equipped by a hinged bunker cattlefeeder. The cattlefeeder design allows to make selective forage delivery in feeding troughs of any circle, that allows to grow up females and males on different circles of the battery. A single dose of delivery of forage makes 50-2000/running meter.

The watering system of the cellular battery consists of polypropylene pipes of square section and connecting armature. Birds' watering is carried out from nipple drinking bowls.

The cellular production technology of fowl provides increase in cycles of cultivation, improvement of zooveterinary conditions and decrease in expenditures of labor of attendants.

SCHEDULE OF LIGHT AND TEMPERATURE MODES AT 0-45 DAYS OLD TURKEY POULTS FATTENING

THE SCHEDULE OF LIGHT AND TEMPERATURE MODES AT FATTENING TURKEY POULTS 46-182-DAYS OLD